Arts and Sciences

I’ve always felt a funny feeling in my stomach whenever I’ve heard the expression “technical communication is an art and a science”, and it has nothing to do with the large corned beef sandwich I ate three days ago and am still digesting. It’s because there’s something about this expression that, although true, is meaningless.

The first clue that there’s something wrong is that you could apply it to almost any field:

Selling is an art and a science.
Teaching is an art and a science.
Business is an art and a science.

If so many professions, indeed if all professions, are both an art and a science, then does it really makes sense to single out ours? The problem runs deeper than this, though. What exactly does it mean when we say something is an art or a science? Could they, in fact, be two sides of the same coin?

I Feel the Need, the Need for Extreme

To explore this, we need to be extremist. What is the most extremely artistic profession you can think of? How about, oh, an artist?

Of course, there’s many different kinds of artists, but when I envision one, I see a French painter wearing one of those annoying puffy blue hats, and having consumed enough alcohol to knock out a small horse. (It’s a good thing I can keep my imagination in check.)

A painter certainly certainly needs to be artistic, so it’s self-evident that art is an art. Artists have to be creative, inspired, and imaginative. They have to be non-scientific and see things in an emotional, spiritual, and meta-physical way. Artists are often extremely emotional, sensitive and irrational; it’s no wonder that many of them abuse drugs, are depressed and leave this world all too soon.

Science has shown that the mind actually expends energy filtering out much of what we sense so that we don’t become overwhelmed. Artists seem to have a malfunctioning filtering system that lets in everything pour in. As a result, artists create great art, but have a nasty habit of killing themselves, which does not look too good on a resumé.

The Art of the Deal

But is art only an art? Look at the other areas that a successful artist needs to know. They have to learn about composition, colour, light, paints, brushes, and canvasses. They need to study techniques, styles, media, forms and textures. They should learn about the lives and history of other artists and artistic eras. And if they actually want to make a living as an artist, they had better learn the business of art: the gallery system, the curators and critics, and the art journal editors and writers. They must learn how to develop, schedule, package and present showings, and deal with those pesky clients. These things are not art, but the fact-based technical side of art – the science of art. Therefore, art itself is both an art and a science.

She Blinded Me With Science

Science, of course, requires enormous technical, scientific and mathematical knowledge. It requires a cold, hard analytical view of the facts, with no emotion. It requires observation and testing of readily available data. It’s not very artistic - or is it?

When Newton saw an apple drop, he “discovered” gravity. Edwin Hubble, using creative experiments, proved that the universe was expanding. Einstein, perhaps the greatest scientist of the modern area, would imagine himself riding a beam of light, and from that was able to envision his Theory of Relativity.

To say that science does not require innovative, creative thought is nonsense. A scientist who is not creative will never be able to discover new things. That’s why the history of science is one in which one model of reality being replaced with a newer one, until that one is itself replaced. Science, therefore, is also an art.

The New Math: Art = Science

If science is an art and a science, and art is an art and a science, where does that leave our profession? Right where we started, as both an art and a science.

It’s a science because it requires:

• knowledge of the technical subjects we document
• knowledge of technical tools
• the ability to analyze technical requirements and create complex, technical documents
• the ability to plan, organize, schedule, monitor and deliver projects on time

But technical communication is also an art because it requires the ability to:

• imagine yourself as the end user to try to predict their information needs
• creatively reword and organize information so that it is simple to understand and easy to find
• develop creative solutions to complex documentation problems
• work with others in a friendly, constructive, emotionally intelligent way

Technical communication: It’s an art. It’s a science. It’s a scientific art and an artistic science.
It’s both.